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Peer Review Article About Biomechanical Frame of Reference

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The Knee is an international journal publishing studies on the clinical treatment and fundamental biomechanical characteristics of this joint. The aim of the periodical is to provide a vehicle relevant to surgeons, biomedical engineers, imaging specialists, materials scientists, rehabilitation personnel and all those with an interest in the knee.

The topics covered include, simply are non limited to:
• Beefcake, physiology, morphology and biochemistry;
• Biomechanical studies;
• Advances in the development of prosthetic, orthotic and augmentation devices;
• Imaging and diagnostic techniques;
• Pathology;
• Trauma;
• Surgery;
• Rehabilitation.

The journal publishes original enquiry manufactures, review papers, case reports and short communications. In improver, the regular content includes letters to the Editor, volume reviews and a briefing calendar.



If you lot have questions or need assistance during the submission process delight visit our Back up Centre.

Submission checklist

You lot can use this listing to carry out a final check of your submission earlier you send it to the periodical for review. Please cheque the relevant section in this Guide for Authors for more than details.

Ensure that the following items are present:

I writer has been designated as the respective writer with contact details:
• Email address
• Total postal address

All necessary files have been uploaded:
Manuscript:
• Include keywords
• All figures (include relevant captions)
• All tables (including titles, description, footnotes)
• Ensure all figure and tabular array citations in the text match the files provided
• Betoken clearly if color should be used for whatever figures in print
Graphical Abstracts / Highlights files (where applicable)
Supplemental files (where applicable)

Further considerations
• Manuscript has been 'spell checked' and 'grammer checked'
• All references mentioned in the Reference List are cited in the text, and vice versa
• Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Cyberspace)
• A competing interests statement is provided, even if the authors accept no competing interests to declare
• Journal policies detailed in this guide have been reviewed
• Referee suggestions and contact details provided, based on periodical requirements

For further information, visit our Support Heart.

Informed consent and patient details

Studies on patients or volunteers require ethics committee approval and informed consent, which should exist documented in the newspaper. Appropriate consents, permissions and releases must be obtained where an author wishes to include instance details or other personal information or images of patients and any other individuals in an Elsevier publication. Written consents must be retained by the writer merely copies should not be provided to the journal. Merely if specifically requested past the journal in infrequent circumstances (for instance if a legal consequence arises) the author must provide copies of the consents or evidence that such consents have been obtained. For more data, delight review the Elsevier Policy on the Use of Images or Personal Information of Patients or other Individuals. Unless you lot have written permission from the patient (or, where applicable, the next of kin), the personal details of whatever patient included in any part of the article and in whatever supplementary materials (including all illustrations and videos) must be removed earlier submission.

Declaration of involvement

All authors must disembalm any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Examples of potential competing interests include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid practiced testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. Authors must disclose any interests in ii places: ane. A summary declaration of interest statement in the title page file (if double anonymized) or the manuscript file (if single anonymized). If there are no interests to declare then delight state this: 'Declarations of interest: none'. 2. Detailed disclosures as part of a separate Declaration of Interest form, which forms part of the journal's official records. It is important for potential interests to be declared in both places and that the data matches. More data.

Submission declaration and verification

Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the course of an abstract, a published lecture or academic thesis, see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is canonical past all authors and tacitly or explicitly past the responsible government where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, information technology will not be published elsewhere in the same grade, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. To verify originality, your commodity may be checked past the originality detection service Crossref Similarity Check.

Preprints
Please note that preprints can exist shared anywhere at any time, in line with Elsevier's sharing policy. Sharing your preprints east.grand. on a preprint server volition not count as prior publication (meet 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information).

Preprint posting on SSRN

In support of Open up Science, this journal offers its authors a costless preprint posting service. Preprints provide early registration and dissemination of your enquiry, which facilitates early citations and collaboration.

During submission to Editorial Manager, you tin can choose to release your manuscript publicly as a preprint on the preprint server SSRN one time information technology enters peer-review with the periodical. Your choice will have no effect on the editorial process or outcome with the journal. Please annotation that the corresponding author is expected to seek approval from all co-authors before agreeing to release the manuscript publicly on SSRN.

Yous will be notified via e-mail when your preprint is posted online and a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is assigned. Your preprint will remain globally bachelor costless to read whether the journal accepts or rejects your manuscript.

For more information about posting to SSRN, please consult the SSRN Terms of Employ and FAQs.

Employ of inclusive linguistic communication

Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. Content should brand no assumptions about the behavior or commitments of whatever reader; contain zilch which might imply that one individual is superior to another on the grounds of age, gender, race, ethnicity, civilization, sexual orientation, inability or health status; and use inclusive linguistic communication throughout. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, stereotypes, slang, reference to dominant civilisation and/or cultural assumptions. We advise to seek gender neutrality by using plural nouns ("clinicians, patients/clients") equally default/wherever possible to avoid using "he, she," or "he/she." Nosotros recommend avoiding the use of descriptors that refer to personal attributes such as historic period, gender, race, ethnicity, civilisation, sexual orientation, disability or health condition unless they are relevant and valid. When coding terminology is used, we recommend to avoid offensive or exclusionary terms such equally "main", "slave", "blacklist" and "whitelist". We suggest using alternatives that are more than appropriate and (cocky-) explanatory such as "primary", "secondary", "blocklist" and "allowlist". These guidelines are meant equally a point of reference to help identify appropriate language but are past no ways exhaustive or definitive.

Changes to authorship

Authors are expected to consider carefully the list and club of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive list of authors at the time of the original submission. Any improver, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship listing should be made only before the manuscript has been accepted and only if approved by the journal Editor. To asking such a change, the Editor must receive the following from the corresponding author: (a) the reason for the change in author listing and (b) written confirmation (email, letter of the alphabet) from all authors that they agree with the add-on, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author existence added or removed.
Merely in exceptional circumstances will the Editor consider the improver, deletion or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accepted. While the Editor considers the request, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. If the manuscript has already been published in an online result, any requests canonical by the Editor volition event in a blunder.

Clinical trial results

In line with the position of the International Committee of Medical Periodical Editors, the journal will not consider results posted in the same clinical trials registry in which primary registration resides to be prior publication if the results posted are presented in the form of a brief structured (less than 500 words) abstract or table. However, divulging results in other circumstances (due east.m., investors' meetings) is discouraged and may jeopardise consideration of the manuscript. Authors should fully disembalm all posting in registries of results of the same or closely related work.

Reporting clinical trials
Randomized controlled trials should be presented according to the Consort guidelines. At manuscript submission, authors must provide the CONSORT checklist accompanied past a period diagram that illustrates the progress of patients through the trial, including recruitment, enrollment, randomization, withdrawal and completion, and a detailed description of the randomization procedure. The CONSORT checklist and template flow diagram are available online.

Submissions reporting cohort, instance-control and cross-sectional studies should conform to the format suggested by the STROBE console (http://www.strobe-statement.org). Reports of interventional non-randomized controlled trials should accommodate to the Trend checklist (http://world wide web.cdc.gov/trendstatement/). Reporting of meta-analyses and systematic reviews should conform to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) Statement criteria. This is available at http://www.prisma-statement.org/.

Registration of clinical trials
Registration in a public trials registry is a condition for publication of clinical trials in this periodical in accord with International Committee of Medical Journal Editors recommendations. Trials must annals at or before the onset of patient enrolment. The clinical trial registration number should be included at the cease of the abstract of the article. A clinical trial is divers as any research study that prospectively assigns human participants or groups of humans to ane or more wellness-related interventions to evaluate the effects of wellness outcomes. Health-related interventions include any intervention used to modify a biomedical or wellness-related outcome (for example drugs, surgical procedures, devices, behavioural treatments, dietary interventions, and process-of-care changes). Health outcomes include any biomedical or health-related measures obtained in patients or participants, including pharmacokinetic measures and adverse events. Purely observational studies (those in which the assignment of the medical intervention is not at the discretion of the investigator) will not require registration.

Copyright

Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete a 'Journal Publishing Understanding' (see more data on this). An e-mail will be sent to the respective author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' form or a link to the online version of this agreement.

Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation within their institutions. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution and for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations. If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the writer(due south) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(due south) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases.

For gold open access articles: Upon credence of an article, authors will exist asked to complete a 'License Agreement' (more information). Permitted third party reuse of gold open access articles is determined by the author's choice of user license.

Writer rights
Equally an writer you (or your employer or institution) have certain rights to reuse your work. More data.

Elsevier supports responsible sharing
Discover out how y'all tin share your research published in Elsevier journals.

Role of the funding source

You are requested to identify who provided fiscal support for the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the article and to briefly draw the role of the sponsor(south), if any, in written report pattern; in the collection, assay and interpretation of data; in the writing of the study; and in the conclusion to submit the commodity for publication. If the funding source(due south) had no such involvement, it is recommended to country this.

Elsevier Researcher Academy
Researcher University is a free e-learning platform designed to support early on and mid-career researchers throughout their inquiry journey. The "Larn" environment at Researcher Academy offers several interactive modules, webinars, downloadable guides and resources to guide you through the process of writing for research and going through peer review. Feel free to use these free resource to meliorate your submission and navigate the publication process with ease.

Language (usage and editing services)
Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, but non a mixture of these). Authors who feel their English linguistic communication manuscript may require editing to eliminate possible grammatical or spelling errors and to conform to correct scientific English may wish to use the English language Language Editing service bachelor from Elsevier's Author Services.

Submission

Our online submission system guides you stepwise through the procedure of inbound your commodity details and uploading your files. The organisation converts your article files to a single PDF file used in the peer-review process. Editable files (eastward.1000., Word, LaTeX) are required to typeset your article for concluding publication. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's determination and requests for revision, is sent past e-postal service.

Submit your article
Please submit your article via https://world wide web.editorialmanager.com/THEKNE.

Suggesting reviewers
Please submit the names and institutional e-post addresses of several potential reviewers.

You should not propose reviewers who are colleagues, or who have co-authored or collaborated with yous during the last three years. Editors do not invite reviewers who accept potential competing interests with the authors. Further, in club to provide a broad and counterbalanced cess of the work, and ensure scientific rigor, please suggest diverse candidate reviewers who are located in unlike countries/regions from the author group. Likewise consider other variety attributes due east.chiliad. gender, race and ethnicity, career stage, etc. Finally, you should not include existing members of the periodical'due south editorial team, of whom the journal are already aware.

Annotation: the editor decides whether or non to invite your suggested reviewers.

Queries

For questions about the editorial process (including the status of manuscripts under review) or for technical support on submissions, delight visit our Support Center.

Peer review

This journal operates a single anonymized review process. All contributions will be initially assessed by the editor for suitability for the journal. Papers deemed suitable are then typically sent to a minimum of ii independent proficient reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the paper. The Editor is responsible for the final decision regarding acceptance or rejection of articles. The Editor'south conclusion is terminal. Editors are not involved in decisions about papers which they have written themselves or take been written by family members or colleagues or which relate to products or services in which the editor has an involvement. Whatever such submission is subject field to all of the journal's usual procedures, with peer review handled independently of the relevant editor and their research groups. More information on types of peer review.

Utilise of word processing software
It is important that the file be saved in the native format of the word processor used. The text should exist in single-column format. Go on the layout of the text as simple every bit possible. About formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article. In particular, do non utilise the discussion processor'due south options to justify text or to hyphenate words. Withal, exercise apply assuming confront, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if y'all are using a table filigree, utilise simply 1 grid for each private table and non a filigree for each row. If no grid is used, apply tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text should exist prepared in a mode very similar to that of conventional manuscripts (see too the Guide to Publishing with Elsevier). Note that source files of figures, tables and text graphics will be required whether or not you lot embed your figures in the text. See also the section on Electronic artwork.
To avert unnecessary errors you are strongly brash to employ the 'spell-check' and 'grammar-check' functions of your discussion processor.

If your article refers to at least 10 subjects and includes a year's follow up, delight submit information technology as a Novel Techniques article during the submission process.

Article structure

Subdivision - numbered sections
Split your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered ane.i (so 1.one.1, 1.one.ii, ...), 1.two, etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering as well for internal cross-referencing: do not simply refer to 'the text'. Whatever subsection may exist given a cursory heading. Each heading should announced on its own split line.

Introduction
State the objectives of the piece of work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.

Fabric and methods
Provide sufficient details to allow the work to be reproduced past an independent researcher. Methods that are already published should be summarized, and indicated past a reference. If quoting straight from a previously published method, utilise quotation marks and likewise cite the source. Whatever modifications to existing methods should also exist described.

Theory/adding
A Theory department should extend, not repeat, the background to the article already dealt with in the Introduction and lay the foundation for further piece of work. In contrast, a Calculation section represents a practical development from a theoretical basis.

Results
Results should be articulate and concise.

Discussion
This should explore the significance of the results of the piece of work, non echo them. A combined Results and Word section is oftentimes appropriate. Avoid all-encompassing citations and give-and-take of published literature.

Conclusions
The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand lone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.

Appendices
If there is more than one appendix, they should be identified as A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given split numbering: Eq. (A.one), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.1) and so on. Similarly for tables and figures: Table A.one; Fig. A.1, etc.

Essential title page information

Title. Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avert abbreviations and formulae where possible.
Author names and affiliations. Delight conspicuously indicate the given name(s) and family proper name(s) of each writer and bank check that all names are accurately spelled. Yous tin can add your name between parentheses in your own script behind the English transliteration. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the bodily work was done) beneath the names. Betoken all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author'due south proper name and in forepart of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name and, if available, the electronic mail address of each writer.
Respective author. Conspicuously indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also mail-publication. This responsibility includes answering whatsoever future queries about Methodology and Materials. Ensure that the e-mail address is given and that contact details are kept up to date by the respective writer.
Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the commodity was done, or was visiting at the time, a 'Present address' (or 'Permanent address') may exist indicated every bit a footnote to that author's name. The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main, amalgamation address. Superscript Standard arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.

Highlights

Highlights are optional yet highly encouraged for this journal, equally they increase the discoverability of your article via search engines. They consist of a short collection of bullet points that capture the novel results of your research as well as new methods that were used during the written report (if whatever). Please have a look at the examples hither: example Highlights.

Highlights should be submitted in a separate editable file in the online submission organization. Delight use 'Highlights' in the file proper noun and include iii to five bullet points (maximum 85 characters, including spaces, per bullet point).

Structured abstract

A structured abstract, by means of appropriate headings, should provide the context or background for the inquiry and should country its purpose, basic procedures (choice of report subjects or laboratory animals, observational and analytical methods), master findings (giving specific effect sizes and their statistical significance, if possible), and primary conclusions. Information technology should emphasize new and important aspects of the study or observations.

Keywords

Immediately later on the abstract, provide a maximum of 6 keywords, using American spelling and fugitive general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, 'and', 'of'). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.

Abbreviations
Define abbreviations that are not standard in this field in a footnote to be placed on the offset folio of the article. Such abbreviations that are unavoidable in the abstract must exist defined at their first mention there, as well as in the footnote. Ensure consistency of abbreviations throughout the commodity.

Acknowledgements
Collate acknowledgements in a split section at the terminate of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. Listing here those individuals who provided assist during the research (e.g., providing linguistic communication help, writing help or proof reading the commodity, etc.).

Formatting of funding sources
List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to funder's requirements:

Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Wellness [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Neb & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number zzzz]; and the The states Institutes of Peace [grant number aaaa].

It is not necessary to include detailed descriptions on the program or type of grants and awards. When funding is from a block grant or other resources available to a academy, higher, or other inquiry establishment, submit the name of the found or organization that provided the funding.

If no funding has been provided for the research, it is recommended to include the following judgement:

This research did non receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or non-for-profit sectors.

Units
Follow internationally accustomed rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). If other units are mentioned, delight give their equivalent in SI.

Footnotes
Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article. Many word processors can build footnotes into the text, and this feature may exist used. Otherwise, please indicate the position of footnotes in the text and listing the footnotes themselves separately at the finish of the article. Practise not include footnotes in the Reference list.

Artwork

Electronic artwork
General points
• Brand sure y'all utilize uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
• Embed the used fonts if the application provides that option.
• Aim to employ the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Times New Roman, Symbol, or utilize fonts that expect like.
• Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
• Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
• Provide captions to illustrations separately.
• Size the illustrations shut to the desired dimensions of the published version.
• Submit each illustration as a separate file.
• Ensure that colour images are accessible to all, including those with impaired color vision.

A detailed guide on electronic artwork is available.
You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given hither.
Formats
If your electronic artwork is created in a Microsoft Role application (Word, PowerPoint, Excel) then please supply 'as is' in the native certificate format.
Regardless of the awarding used other than Microsoft Office, when your electronic artwork is finalized, please 'Salve as' or catechumen the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below):
EPS (or PDF): Vector drawings, embed all used fonts.
TIFF (or JPEG): Color or grayscale photographs (halftones), proceed to a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF (or JPEG): Bitmapped (pure blackness & white pixels) line drawings, continue to a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF (or JPEG): Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale), keep to a minimum of 500 dpi.
Delight do not:
• Supply files that are optimized for screen use (due east.one thousand., GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); these typically have a low number of pixels and limited set of colors;
• Supply files that are too depression in resolution;
• Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.

Color artwork
Please make certain that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF (or JPEG), EPS (or PDF), or MS Part files) and with the correct resolution. If, together with your accepted commodity, yous submit usable color figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in color online (due east.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or non these illustrations are reproduced in color in the printed version. For color reproduction in print, yous will receive data regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accustomed article. Please point your preference for color: in print or online only. Further information on the preparation of electronic artwork.

Illustration services
Elsevier'southward Writer Services offers Illustration Services to authors preparing to submit a manuscript but concerned about the quality of the images accompanying their article. Elsevier's skillful illustrators tin produce scientific, technical and medical-manner images, besides as a total range of charts, tables and graphs. Image 'polishing' is also bachelor, where our illustrators have your image(s) and improve them to a professional standard. Please visit the website to find out more than.

Figure captions
Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions separately, not attached to the figure. A caption should comprise a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the analogy. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum only explain all symbols and abbreviations used.

Tables

Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Tables tin exist placed either next to the relevant text in the commodity, or on separate page(s) at the finish. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text and identify any tabular array notes below the table body. Be sparing in the utilize of tables and ensure that the information presented in them do not indistinguishable results described elsewhere in the article. Delight avoid using vertical rules and shading in table cells.

References

Commendation in text
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference listing (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either 'Unpublished results' or 'Personal communication'. Citation of a reference as 'in press' implies that the item has been accepted for publication.

Reference links
Increased discoverability of enquiry and high quality peer review are ensured by online links to the sources cited. In order to permit us to create links to abstracting and indexing services, such as Scopus, CrossRef and PubMed, delight ensure that data provided in the references are correct. Please note that incorrect surnames, journal/book titles, publication year and pagination may forestall link creation. When copying references, please be conscientious as they may already contain errors. Use of the DOI is highly encouraged.

A DOI is guaranteed never to alter, so you tin use information technology as a permanent link to any electronic article. An instance of a citation using DOI for an article not yet in an issue is: VanDecar J.C., Russo R.M., James D.E., Ambeh W.B., Franke G. (2003). Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. Journal of Geophysical Research, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000884. Delight annotation the format of such citations should exist in the same style as all other references in the paper.

Web references
Equally a minimum, the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was concluding accessed. Whatever further information, if known (DOI, writer names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should besides exist given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a unlike heading if desired, or can exist included in the reference list.

Data references
This periodical encourages you lot to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by citing them in your text and including a data reference in your Reference List. Data references should include the following elements: author proper name(southward), dataset title, data repository, version (where available), year, and global persistent identifier. Add together [dataset] immediately earlier the reference and then we can properly identify it as a information reference. The [dataset] identifier will non appear in your published article.

References in a special issue
Delight ensure that the words 'this issue' are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.

Reference management software
Most Elsevier journals have their reference template available in many of the most popular reference management software products. These include all products that back up Citation Style Language styles, such as Mendeley. Using citation plug-ins from these products, authors but need to select the advisable periodical template when preparing their article, afterward which citations and bibliographies will be automatically formatted in the journal's style. If no template is yet available for this journal, please follow the format of the sample references and citations every bit shown in this Guide. If yous use reference management software, please ensure that yous remove all field codes before submitting the electronic manuscript. More information on how to remove field codes from unlike reference management software.

Reference style
Text: Indicate references past number(due south) in foursquare brackets in line with the text. The actual authors tin be referred to, just the reference number(southward) must always be given.
Listing: Number the references (numbers in foursquare brackets) in the list in the order in which they appear in the text.
Examples:
Reference to a journal publication:
[i] Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The fine art of writing a scientific commodity. J Sci Commun 2010;163:51–nine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.Sc.2010.00372.
Reference to a periodical publication with an article number:
[ii] Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific commodity. Heliyon. 2018;xix:e00205. https://doi.org/ten.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00205
Reference to a book:
[3] Strunk Jr West, White EB. The elements of style. 4th ed. New York: Longman; 2000.
Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
[4] Mettam GR, Adams LB. How to prepare an electronic version of your article. In: Jones BS, Smith RZ, editors. Introduction to the electronic age, New York: E-Publishing Inc; 2009, p. 281–304.
Reference to a website:
[5] Cancer Research UK. Cancer statistics reports for the UK, http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/; 2003 [accessed xiii March 2003].
Reference to a dataset:
[dataset] [6] Oguro M, Imahiro S, Saito Southward, Nakashizuka T. Bloodshed data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest compositions, Mendeley Data, v1; 2015. https://doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1.
Note shortened form for terminal page number. e.g., 51–ix, and that for more than half dozen authors the first 6 should exist listed followed past 'et al.' For farther details you are referred to 'Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts submitted to Biomedical Journals' (J Am Med Assoc 1997;277:927–34) (encounter also Samples of Formatted References).

Journal abbreviations source
Journal names should be abbreviated co-ordinate to the List of Title Word Abbreviations.

Video

Elsevier accepts video fabric and animation sequences to support and enhance your scientific research. Authors who take video or blitheness files that they wish to submit with their article are strongly encouraged to include links to these inside the body of the article. This tin be done in the same way equally a figure or table by referring to the video or animation content and noting in the trunk text where it should be placed. All submitted files should be properly labeled then that they directly relate to the video file'south content. In order to ensure that your video or animation cloth is directly usable, please provide the file in one of our recommended file formats with a preferred maximum size of 150 MB per file, i GB in total. Video and animation files supplied will be published online in the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect. Please supply 'stills' with your files: you tin choose whatever frame from the video or blitheness or brand a dissever image. These will be used instead of standard icons and will personalize the link to your video data. For more than detailed instructions please visit our video educational activity pages. Note: since video and animation cannot exist embedded in the print version of the journal, please provide text for both the electronic and the impress version for the portions of the article that refer to this content.

Information visualization

Include interactive data visualizations in your publication and allow your readers interact and engage more closely with your research. Follow the instructions here to find out about available information visualization options and how to include them with your article.

Supplementary fabric

Supplementary textile such as applications, images and sound clips, can be published with your article to enhance it. Submitted supplementary items are published exactly as they are received (Excel or PowerPoint files volition appear as such online). Please submit your textile together with the article and supply a concise, descriptive caption for each supplementary file. If you wish to make changes to supplementary textile during any stage of the process, please make sure to provide an updated file. Practise not annotate whatsoever corrections on a previous version. Please switch off the 'Track Changes' option in Microsoft Office files equally these will appear in the published version.

Research information

This journal encourages and enables you to share data that supports your research publication where advisable, and enables you to interlink the data with your published articles. Inquiry data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research findings. To facilitate reproducibility and information reuse, this journal likewise encourages you lot to share your software, lawmaking, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the projection.

Beneath are a number of ways in which you tin acquaintance data with your article or make a statement about the availability of your data when submitting your manuscript. If you lot are sharing data in one of these means, you lot are encouraged to cite the information in your manuscript and reference listing. Please refer to the "References" section for more data almost information citation. For more information on depositing, sharing and using research data and other relevant research materials, visit the research information folio.

Data linking
If y'all have made your research information available in a data repository, you tin can link your article direct to the dataset. Elsevier collaborates with a number of repositories to link articles on ScienceDirect with relevant repositories, giving readers access to underlying data that gives them a better understanding of the research described.

There are different ways to link your datasets to your article. When available, yous tin can directly link your dataset to your article by providing the relevant information in the submission system. For more information, visit the database linking page.

For supported data repositories a repository banner will automatically announced next to your published article on ScienceDirect.

In addition, you lot can link to relevant data or entities through identifiers within the text of your manuscript, using the following format: Database: xxxx (e.thou., TAIR: AT1G01020; CCDC: 734053; PDB: 1XFN).

Mendeley Data
This journal supports Mendeley Information, enabling you to deposit any inquiry information (including raw and processed information, video, code, software, algorithms, protocols, and methods) associated with your manuscript in a gratis-to-use, open admission repository. During the submission procedure, after uploading your manuscript, you will have the opportunity to upload your relevant datasets directly to Mendeley Data. The datasets will be listed and directly accessible to readers adjacent to your published article online.

For more data, visit the Mendeley Data for journals page.

Data statement
To foster transparency, nosotros encourage you to state the availability of your data in your submission. This may be a requirement of your funding body or institution. If your data is unavailable to access or unsuitable to postal service, you lot will take the opportunity to bespeak why during the submission process, for instance by stating that the enquiry data is confidential. The statement volition appear with your published article on ScienceDirect. For more information, visit the Information Statement page.

Proofs

One set up of page proofs (every bit PDF files) volition be sent past e-mail to the corresponding author (if we practice not have an email address then newspaper proofs volition be sent past post) or a link will be provided in the eastward-mail so that authors can download the files themselves. To ensure a fast publication procedure of the article, we kindly enquire authors to provide us with their proof corrections within two days. Elsevier at present provides authors with PDF proofs which tin can be annotated; for this you will need to download the costless Adobe Reader, version 9 (or college). Instructions on how to annotate PDF files will back-trail the proofs (too given online). The exact system requirements are given at the Adobe site.
If you practice not wish to use the PDF annotations function, yous may list the corrections (including replies to the Query Grade) and return them to Elsevier in an e-mail. Please list your corrections quoting line number. If, for any reason, this is non possible, then mark the corrections and any other comments (including replies to the Query Form) on a printout of your proof and browse the pages and render via email. Delight utilise this proof just for checking the typesetting, editing, abyss and correctness of the text, tables and figures. Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. Nosotros will practise everything possible to become your commodity published rapidly and accurately. It is of import to ensure that all corrections are sent dorsum to u.s.a. in one communication: please check carefully before replying, as inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility.

Offprints

The respective author volition, at no cost, receive a customized Share Link providing 50 days free access to the final published version of the article on ScienceDirect. The Share Link can be used for sharing the commodity via any advice channel, including email and social media. For an extra charge, newspaper offprints tin be ordered via the offprint social club course which is sent once the article is accepted for publication. Both respective and co-authors may order offprints at any fourth dimension via Elsevier's Writer Services. Respective authors who have published their article gold open access do not receive a Share Link as their last published version of the article is available open admission on ScienceDirect and tin can be shared through the commodity DOI link.

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Source: https://www.elsevier.com/journals/the-knee/0968-0160/guide-for-authors

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